摘要：This study conducts an in-depth analysis of the current state, influencing factors, and strategies for the distribution of educational resources between urban and rural areas in China. It aims to provide an empirical foundation and specific recommendations for policymakers and educational practitioners. The research reveals significant disparities in teacher allocation, teaching facilities, and educational funding between urban and rural regions, which adversely impact the quality and equity of education. Despite national policies promoting educational equity, discrepancies in local implementation hinder the effectiveness of these policies. The study underscores the profound influence of education on social development, noting that educational gaps can restrict individual social mobility and affect overall societal progress and economic growth. Policy recommendations include increasing investment in rural education, establishing dynamic resource allocation mechanisms, enhancing rural teacher remuneration and social status, and promoting the application of educational technology. The study acknowledges limitations in sample selection and data collection, suggesting future research directions such as the impact of educational policies on specific groups and the psychosocial effects of educational inequality. Interdisciplinary research and systematic policy evaluation and feedback mechanisms are encouraged to ensure policies adapt to new educational demands.