Comparison of Curriculum Settings and Academic Freedom in the Higher Education Systems of China and India

作者：Bai Jingqian

院校：Nankai University, Tianjin, China

摘要：This study conducts a comparative analysis of curriculum settings and academic freedom within the higher education systems of China and India. It explores the differences and similarities in curriculum structures, the extent of academic freedom, and the influencing factors such as politics, economy, society, and culture. The research reveals that while both countries value academic freedom, the practical implementation varies significantly due to differing political and social contexts. China’s curriculum is characterized by a more structured and specialized approach, whereas India emphasizes flexibility and diversity. The study also highlights the impact of globalization and the need for international cooperation in higher education. Policy recommendations are provided to enhance curriculum diversity, protect academic freedom, balance resource distribution, and strengthen international collaboration. The limitations of the study include data constraints and the dynamic nature of educational policies, suggesting areas for future research such as long-term policy impact and interdisciplinary education.

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higher education; curriculum comparison; academic freedom; China; India; globalization; policy recommendations

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[1] Zhao, X. (2019). The Evolution of Higher Education in China: Policies and Challenges. Educational Research Review, 28(2), 123-136.

[2] Gupta, R. (2018). Academic Freedom in India: A Historical Perspective. Indian Journal of Education, 44(1), 55-68.

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[4] Singh, A. K., & Chakraborty, S. (2017). Higher Education Reforms in India: A Critical Analysis. International Journal of Educational Management, 31(4), 401-416.

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[8] Srivastava, R. (2019). Curriculum Flexibility and Student Outcomes in Indian Higher Education. Educational Assessment and Evaluation, 23(3), 239-250.

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Comparison of Curriculum Settings and Academic Freedom in the Higher Education Systems of China and India

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